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The bill that brought the government back online last month ended the shutdown with an unexpected catch that could crush an entire industry. A hidden provision slipped into the bill just before it passed has nothing to do with the federal shutdown and everything to do with hempthe version of cannabis thats grown as a food, a fiber, and, in recent years, as the active ingredient in an array of sodas, gummies, and snacks crafted to give people an alcohol-free buzz. Hemp is legally defined as a variety of the plant Cannabis sativa L. that contains less than .3 percent of the most common form of THC, the psychoactive compound from marijuana that gets people high. In 2018, a multiyear agricultural law known as a farm bill created that distinction, removing hempthe very low-THC version of cannabisfrom being lumped in with the controlled substance marijuana. That small shift gave birth to a booming industry of hemp-based THC drinks and snacks, which quickly hit store shelves even where recreational cannabis is illegal. Now, a provision in the federal spending bill will limit the amount of THC in a beverage or edible to .4 milligramswell below the 10 milligrams promised by some of the hemp-based drinks found on gas station shelves. While hemp contains much less THC than the high concentrations present in marijuana plants, hemp-based THC can still give people a dose-dependent buzz when ingested. Businesses interested in the THC loophole also began converting CBD, a nonintoxicating compound in hemp, into other forms of THC that were not subject to the same restrictions and bottling it up for customers. The combination of THCs recreational appeal and the ease with which businesses could now sell and ship hemp-based THC products inspired a lot of entrepreneurs to jump into the recreational side of the hemp industry. Now that part of the industry is poised to be regulated out of existence over worries that weed by another name was suddenly everywhere. Whether a looming ban on hemp-derived THC drinks is common sense or a terrible misstep depends on your perspectiveand your business interests. Beyond booze With drinking on the decline as the health impacts of alcohol come to light, a wave of new companies view THC drinks as a future proof, zero-proof alternative to booze. That includes breweries large and small, which began experimenting with THC brews to offset their losses as the craft beer boom fizzles. Xander Shepherd, who cofounded Artet, a company that sells THC-infused spritzes and aperitifs, says that he and his cousin went into business to bring THC to our familys Thanksgiving dinners. On a deeper level, we were motivated by the belief that THC has an important role to play in the progression of cocktail culture, Shepherd told Fast Company. Our stated mission is to prove to the world that infused drinks belong on the bar cart, or the dining room table, or anywhere else you might find a great bottle of wine or a fine spirit. Because the farm bills hemp rules appeared to be settled law at the federal level, the regulatory environment looked safe enough for a huge variety of companies to start producing and selling THC-based candies, canned drinks, vape oils, and other products. In the face of an uncertain future, Shepherd says Artet hopes to continue to open peoples minds and palates about its trendy THC sippables. The THC trends detractors paint a different picture. Kentucky Senator Mitch McConnell quietly pushed through the regulatory change to purposefully undo a loophole he helped create. McConnell emphasized that the change wouldnt affect the industrial hemp industry, which grows the plant for products like biofuels, fiber, and paper, and was designed to rein in the rise of intoxicating and synthetic THC products. I am proud to have championed this language that keeps these products out of the hands of children, secures the future of regulated hemp businesses, and keeps our promise to American farmers and law enforcement by clarifying the intention in the 2018 Farm Bill, McConnell said of the bill. An uncertain future States are also wrestling with the issue, weighing their worries against the success of a young industry thats creating jobs and pulling in substantial tax revenue. Prior to the bills passage, a group of attorneys general from almost 40 states wrote Congress with their concerns about the proliferation of widely available THC products, cautioning that convenience stores and gas stations are stocked to the brim with psychoactive THC products. For Artet, the game plan is to continue being a good steward in an industry thats increasingly attracting scrutiny. We feel that providing a good example for consumers and legislators is one way we can help undo this potentially looming prohibition, Shepherd said, noting that many brands in the space work hard to keep their THC products safe. Artets bottles come with a special child-resistant cap and a shot glass for pouring precise servings, two measures it takes to keep customers safe and sipping as intended. Ultimately, those bad actors are wildly outnumbered by business owners and brands who are trying to do things the right way, even when it makes the job harder, Shepherd said. We do these things because we believe theyre the right thing to do, and were not alone in our efforts.
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The world of popular psychological ideas, which is largely the self-help industry, is not short of contradictions. For instance, it simultaneously promotes the benefits of emotional intelligence (the ability to empathize with others and engage in strategic impression management) and authenticity (the tendency to express what you really feel and think without much consideration for others opinions). It also frequently celebrates self-acceptance and constant self-improvement (love yourself as you are but also become the best version of yourself), mindfulness and relentless ambition (stay in the zone, present and serene while hustling aggressively toward big goals), and even self-awareness and self-belief, which pull in opposite psychological directions. Self-awareness requires confronting your flaws, limitations, and blind spots with brutal honesty; self-belief requires ignoring at least some of that evidence to maintain high-levels of confidence, optimism, and drive. One asks you to see yourself clearly; the other asks you to believe in yourself despite what you see. Yet this isnt a logical flaw so much as a reflection of our human tendency to categorize things as either fully good or fully bad, when in reality most psychological qualities operate in a yinyang balance. As Aristotle argued in his doctrine of the golden mean, virtue itself sits at the midpoint between two vices courage between cowardice and recklessness, generosity between stinginess and extravagance, confidence between timidity and hubris. In other words, even the qualities we most admire become dysfunctional when taken too far, and even the traits we distrust can be valuable in moderation. Human behavior functions the same way: most psychological strengths arent inherently good or bad, theyre dose-dependent. In line, emotional intelligence isnt inherently superior to authenticity; self-awareness isnt automatically better than self-belief. They each contain the seed of their opposite, and their value depends on the situation, dosage, and context. In fact, one of the most established findings in personality and organizational psychology is the too-much-of-a-good-thing effect: virtually any trait or competency becomes dysfunctional when taken to an extreme. Confidence turns into arrogance, humility into self-doubt, authenticity into impulsive oversharing, and EQ into manipulative charm. Every strength has a shadow side, every virtue has a saturation point, and every desirable trait comes bundled with its own trade-offs. The goal, then, is not to pick one pure ideal authenticity or impression management, self-awareness or self-belief but to learn to calibrate them, blending them in ways that make us more effective, rather than more extreme. {"blockType":"mv-promo-block","data":{"imageDesktopUrl":"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit\/wp-cms-2\/2025\/10\/tcp-photo-syndey-16X9.jpg","imageMobileUrl":"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit\/wp-cms-2\/2025\/10\/tcp-photo-syndey-1x1-2.jpg","eyebrow":"","headline":"Get more insights from Tomas Chamorro-Premuzic","dek":"Dr. Tomas Chamorro-Premuzic is a professor of organizational psychology at UCL and Columbia University, and the co-founder of DeeperSignals. He has authored 15 books and over 250 scientific articles on the psychology of talent, leadership, AI, and entrepreneurship. ","subhed":"","description":"","ctaText":"Learn More","ctaUrl":"https:\/\/drtomas.com\/intro\/","theme":{"bg":"#2b2d30","text":"#ffffff","eyebrow":"#9aa2aa","subhed":"#ffffff","buttonBg":"#3b3f46","buttonHoverBg":"#3b3f46","buttonText":"#ffffff"},"imageDesktopId":91424798,"imageMobileId":91424800,"shareable":false,"slug":""}} Hidden drawbacks At times, even traits that seem to have no downside, such as self-awareness, come with hidden drawbacks. Intuitively, one would assume that we are generally better off knowing ourselves, understanding how others perceive us, and being aware of our strengths, limitations, biases, and blind spots. After all, entire leadership models, coaching programs, and HR philosophies rest on the idea that insight precedes improvement. If you dont know whats broken, how can you fix it? If you dont know how others experience you, how can you expect to lead them? And if you dont understand your own motives, how can you trust your decisions? To be sure, this intuition is backed by a substantial body of research. For example, many scientific studies show that: 1) Self-awareness predicts better job performance. Employees with higher self-insight (as measured through multisource or 360-degree feedback assessments) tend to show greater effectiveness at work, including when they are managers and leaders.2) Self-awareness enhances leadership effectiveness. Leaders who are more attuned to their strengths and weaknesses receive higher performance ratings and foster better team climates (note, however, that underestimating your skills and leadership talents is also linked to higher leadership effectiveness compared to people who overestimate themselves).3) Self-awareness improves interpersonal relationships. Individuals who understand their emotional patterns and their impact on others display higher empathy and lower conflict. Its simple: if you know how you impact others, which equates to knowing how others see you, it will be easier for you to adjust your behavior to make a desired impact on others (this is what David Brent and Michael Scott fail to do, which makes The Office great comedy value but their characters an absolute nightmare archetype of a boss). The value of selective ignorance However, there are also well-documented benefits to poor self-awareness or, more precisely, benefits to selective ignorance, including being unaware of your limitations or unjustifiably pleased with yourself. Think of people with the arrogance or confidence of Kanye West, Cristiano Ronaldo, or Muhammad Ali but without the talents to back it up! Consider the following findings: First, people with inflated self-views tend to be more resilient and less affected by stress, being able to bounce back faster and stronger from setbacks. Along the same lines, decades of research on positive illusions shows that overly optimistic people cope better with adversity and maintain higher motivation. Second, self-deception can make individuals more persuasive: people who genuinely believe they are more competent than they are often appear more confident and convincing to others. If you can fool yourself, you are much more likely to fool others, since you dont even have to pretend or lie. Third, low self-awareness can fuel ambition. Many entrepreneurs, athletes, and leaders overestimate their odds of success and this unrealistic optimism propels them to attempt things that a more accurate self-assessment would quickly veto. The worlds innovations are not driven by people with perfectly calibrated self-views, but by those who believed they could fly even when the evidence suggested otherwise. All of which is to say: the self-help promise of clean, linear psychological virtues overlooks how messy human functioning actually is. A bit like nutrition advice that alternates between demonizing carbs, demonizing fat, and demonizing sugar (sometimes all three, and at times none), the self-help world tends to spotlight traits in isolation, ignoring the context in which they operate. Authenticity is wonderful until its not. Confidence is powerful until it becomes delusion. Empathy is admirable until it becomes people-pleasing. Even mindfulness has a dark side when it becomes an excuse for avoidance or emotional disengagement. A tool box A more realistic (and scientifically grounded) way of thinking about psychological qualities is to view them as tools in a repertoire. A hammer is useful, but not if you treat every situation as a nail. Emotional intelligence is helpful, but not if it turns into strategic manipulation. Authenticity is refreshing, but not if it comes at the expense of tact, professionalism, or prosocial self-regulation. And self-awareness is enlightening, but not if it becomes rumination, self-criticism, or paralysis by analysis. The true art of psychological competence, especially in leadership, is not picking the right trait but deploying the right trait at the right time. Its knowing when to believe in yourself fiercely, and when to question your assumptions. When to be transparent, and when to filter. When to push ruthlessly, and when to pause reflectively. When to take a risk, and when to seek feedback. Most importantly, its recognizing that every psychological asset becomes a liability when unbounded, and every liability contains the seed of an asset when calibrated properly. If the self-help industry were more honest, it would sound far less like a collection of tidy commandments and far more like a user manual for a complex operating system: one with settings, thresholds, sliders, and context-specific modes. But it depends will never be a bestseller, and everything in moderation is hardly a motivational tagline. So instead, we get a contradictory buffet of directives be yourself, but improve yourself; relax, but hustle; speak your truth, but avoid offending anyone; know your flaws, but never doubt your greatness. The irony, of course, is that mature psychological functioning lies precisely in reconciling these tensions. Not by choosing sides, but by developing the agility to move fluidly between them. In the end, the real contradiction is not in the advice we receive, but in our desire for simple answers to complex questions. Human nature is too nuanced for single-variable solutions, and the qualities that make us effective are rarely pure. They are contradictions held in balance (the yin and yang of psychological functioning) and the leaders who thrive are those who learn to navigate this paradox elegantly, not dogmatically. {"blockType":"mv-promo-block","data":{"imageDesktopUrl":"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit\/wp-cms-2\/2025\/10\/tcp-photo-syndey-16X9.jpg","imageMobileUrl":"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit\/wp-cms-2\/2025\/10\/tcp-photo-syndey-1x1-2.jpg","eyebrow":"","headline":"Get more insights from Tomas Chamorro-Premuzic","dek":"Dr. Tomas Chamorro-Premuzic is a professor of organizational psychology at UCL and Columbia University, and the co-founder of DeeperSignals. He has authored 15 books and over 250 scientific articles on the psychology of talent, leadership, AI, and entrepreneurship. 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The Bronx stands apart from New York Citys four other boroughs in stark ways. Home to 1.4 million residents and the nation’s poorest congressional district, it once flourished as fertile farmland. Today, were restoring this landnot to its agricultural roots, but as fertile ground for raising healthy, happy, and prosperous children. And in the process, were cultivating opportunity for a new generation of citizens. My wife Lizette and I founded and run Green Bronx Machine (GBM). Our nonprofit is dedicated to rewriting the narrative about the Bronx and its residents. Inside Community School 55, just across the tracks from rows of dilapidated public housing towers, sits an unexpected oasis: a thriving garden where fruits and vegetables grow alongside young dreams and possibilities. All year long, grandmothers find respite in the greenery while children eagerly plant seeds, harvest crops, raise chickens, and gather eggs. But this transformation didn’t begin outdoorsit started in a classroom. AN “UNEMPLOYED” TEACHER I playfully call myself an “unemployed teacher.” An educator/administrator since 1984, I left formal employment determined to launch a program that has now spread to more than 1,000 schools across the United States and a dozen countrieswith ambitious plans to scale that impact. Dubbed A Miracle in the Bronx, we combine urban agriculture, project-based learning, and community engagement that transforms educational outcomes in areas where success seems improbable, if not impossible. GBMs classroom model began almost by accident. When struggling to engage my students, I received a box of daffodil bulbs. Instead of discarding them, I tucked them behind a radiator. Weeks later, the bulbs sprouted and bloomed, and with them, a change in students’ engagement and attendance. These kids, who wouldn’t come to school to see me, were suddenly showing up to see plants. That was my a-ha moment. We planted 25,000 bulbs all across NYC that year. [Photo: Green Bronx Machine] Today, the program features indoor Tower Gardens and Babylon Micro-Farms, where students grow vegetables year-round in classroom settings, along the way learning math, English, biology, even phys. ed. The results extend far beyond agriculture. Participants show improved academic performance, higher attendance rates, better nutritional habits, and increased environmental awareness. Teachers are similarly inspired and engaged. Meanwhile, the produce students grow is sold to provide much-needed jobs and income, or taken home by students to feed their families. I learned that when a child plants a seed and nurtures that plant to harvest, they never go hungry againnot intellectually, emotionally, or physically. THE VISION DEFICIT IN AMERICAN SCHOOLS It is common to think that America’s educational challenges stem primarily from limited funding. But the more fundamental issue is a clear vision of whats possible in todays schoolssomething increasingly scarce in an environment dominated by misinformation, politics, and eroding social cohesion. For children growing up today, the harsh reality is that in America, despite our cherished narrative of meritocracy and individualism, ones ZIP code remains the primary determinant of social, educational, and health outcomes. Thats exemplified in marginalized areas like the South Bronx. This geographical determinism is driven by many things. That includes schools in low-income areas being starved for funding, experienced teachers, and enrichment opportunities. Students also face additional barriers such as food insecurity, housing instability, and exposure to environmental hazardsall impacting their ability to learn effectively. END ZIP CODE DESTINY By transforming schools into centers of community wellness, individual excellence, and environmental stewardship, weve demonstrated that innovative approaches can overcome systemic barriers. We’re growing high performing schools, engaged citizens, responsible neighbors, vibrant communities, jobs, and we’re growing healthy foodall together. The program has driven impact across a wide variety of communities, national and international, and that impact is captured in a documentary, Generation Growth, which highlights the program’s success and led to GBM being named a 2024 Most Innovative Company by Fast Company. SCALE A TRANSFERABLE MODEL What makes GBMs method so impactful is its transferability across states and international borders. Schools in diverse settings, from rural Alabama to suburban Colorado, have successfully adapted it to local needs while maintaining core principles. Were projected to impact 30,000 schools in the United States by 2030. This isn’t just about the Bronx. There is a Bronx in every American city and around the world; weve built a turn-key program that serves all of them. This is about transforming how we think about education, community, sustainability, poverty, and progress everywhere. [Photo: Green Bronx Machine] Many think I have a larger-than-life personality, but you dont need that to be effective. Its about community engagement. Ana Christina Garcia of Sloan Kettering and a GBM board member notes that “Green Bronx Machine capitalizes on community assets and unlocks the potential, desire, and passion that children, principals, and teachers already have. Community engagement is about making organizational resources more accessible to unlock people’s existing talents and power. It’s a two-way street where everyone benefits from sharing their wonderful talents as human beings and creating stronger community connections.” I call this social vitamin fortified with human capacity. We’re not just growing plants, we’re growing hope. And hope is the most powerful seed we can plant. In 2026 Id like to shake hands with other thought leaders to continue bringing this proven program across the country. It takes a village, of course, but it also takes an inspiring vision. Join me please. The author thanks Joel Makower and Jeff Senne for their contributions to this article. Stephen Ritz is founder of Green Bronx Machine.
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